In vitro Anticancer Activity Effect of Extracellular Metabolites of Some Bacterial Species on HeLa Cell Line

Abstract

Background: Cancer is still one of the most serious problems that affect human health. Despite the intense efforts to develop treatments, effective agents are still not available. In some cases, conventional therapy could be harmful or fail because of emerging drug resistance. Therefore, the development of novel therapies against cancer is of utmost importance. Assessment of anticancer effects of bacterial metabolites on cancer cells may help in the process of finding new cheap, reliable, contentious and safe cancer therapy. Objective: To determine the anticancer effect of the extracellular metabolites of eight bacterial species on HeLa cell line. Methodology: Extracellular metabolites were prepared by isolating and culturing eight bacterial species (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Lactic acid bacteria, Klebsiella, Proteus and E. coli with its phage) in liquid media. Tubes were incubated overnight and centrifuged. Supernatant was filtered and concentrated using Infra-Red concentrator. Different concentrations were prepared and their anticancer effect were evaluated using MTT cell proliferation assay. Results: Results showed variation among the eight bacteria concerning proliferation inhibition against HeLa cells in a time and concentration dependent manner. Pseudomonas and E. coli with its phage revealed considerable anticancer activity with 63% and 86% inhibitory effects (both at 1000 µg\ml) and IC50 of 301 and 1395 µg/dl at 24h respectively. While Proteus and Micrococcus showed low inhibitory effects and S. aureus enhanced the proliferation of HeLa cells at low concentrations. Conclusion: Among the tested bacteria, Pseudomonas and E. coli and its phage gave the best anticancer inhibitory effects against HeLa cells. Further studies using purified components of effective bacteria are recommended.