Optimization of Cellulase Enzyme Production from Trichoderma Isolates Under Submerged Fermentation

Abstract

Cellulases are enzymes that analyze the biomass of the cellulose and it is used in many fields such as the paper industry, fabric yarn, manufacture of detergents and laundry. Cellulase enzyme is produced by micro-organisms that grow on cellulosic materials. The main purpose of this study is to find out the optimal conditions for the production of cellulase enzyme by the local Trichoderma isolates. In this study, Trichoderma was isolated from air and soil of the Islamic University gaza campus male and female. Three Trichoderma species were isolated and identified as following Trichoderma harizanium, Trichoderma reesi and Trichoderma viride. Congo red and CMC have been used to know the best species of Trichoderm have ability to produce cellulase enzyme and Trichoderma viride was the best for cellulase production. The produced amount of glucose was examined by cellulase enzyme that produced by Trichoderma viride using glucose kit assay. The optimum conditions for cellulase enzyme production were found. The required carbon and nitrogen sources and the environmental conditions such as pH and temperature were optimized. The results showed that the best activity for cellulase enzyme is at 7 days in basal salt media where the produced amount of glucose reached (30.8 mmol / L), pH of 5.5 and a temperature of 30 °C. The best source of carbon and nitrogen to produce cellulase enzyme are 1% sucrose and 1% yeast extract respectively. Trichoderma viride is considered a unique source for the production of cellulase enzyme in large quantities compared to other Trichoderma species.