In Vitro, Propagation of Strawberry (Fragaria × annanasa Duch.) Through Organogenesis via Runner Tips

Abstract

Using in vitro tissue culture technique through organogenesis, recognizing the most important problems during planting stages, and treating these problems. As a result of this, plants in large numbers and with high quality is produced. Furthermore, this technique can be applied on other kinds of plants. Growing strawberry with this technique is economically advantageous. The cultivated strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.), a member of the Rosaceae, is the most important soft fruit worldwide. In vitro techniques are important for clonal multiplication. An efficient method for sterilization, browning, shoot regeneration and root formation from runner tips of strawberry plantlets cv. Sweet Charlie was developed. Runner tips of 1-2 cm long were used as source of explants. In sterilization method, when the runner tips were immersed in sodium hypochlorite solution (1.5%) containing two to three drops of Tween 20 per 100 ml for 20 minutes and 0.1% HgCL2 for 10 minutes gave the maximum aseptic cultures in august, however, in October all the samples were failed to reduce explants contamination. After surface sterilization apical meristems of 3-5 mmlong were isolated and used as explants. To study the effect of various pretreatments on explants browning and survival percentage, different sets of sterilized explants were dipped in three different concentrations of antioxidant solution (1, 1.5 and 2% PVPP) for 1-2 h prior to inoculation with addition of (0.2g/100 ml) PVPP in the MS free hormone medium and subjecting cultures to an initial ten days cold treatment before transfer the explants to growth chamber, the results indicated that percentage of survival explants when treatment with 1% and 2% PVPP were 20 and 60% respectively in August season. However, when repeated the same experiment in October season, with addition to another set dipped in sterilized distilled water without antioxidant solution as a control, the lowest percentage of browning were observed in the control and 2% PVPP were 100 and 70 % respectively. At multiplication stage results indicated that the highest auxiliary buds were observed when MS medium supplemented with 1 mg / l BA. At rooting stage, it was clear visually that MS medium supplemented with 0.5 g/l activated charcoal and MS medium at full strength gave better results in enhanced the root number and length and shoot number and length per plantlet. Effect of IBA on the root response, the results indicated that IBA with (0.5, 1.0, 1.5 mg/l) observed the lowest root response compared to all other treatments. Because Israeli air force bombed the lab building at the Islamic university in 27-12-2008. We wrote down data visually in rooting stage. This research paper is considered the first published in Gaza strip.