Characterization of Calcium Hardness Removal from Water Using Microwave Energy

Abstract

First of all praise Allah for blessings and guidance in fulfilling this research. Many people have given me their full support, encouragement, and constructive criticism during the completion of this work. I have learned from them in many ways, professionally and personally. I therefore, express my deep gratitude to all whom in one way or another supported me. I cannot express enough thanks to the Islamic University of Gaza and the Faculty of Engineering for giving me the opportunity to challenge my abilities and providing me with the knowledge to achieve such research, I would like to extend my thanks to Environment Laboratory in the IUG in behalf of providing great support in many experimental works. I would like to thank my supervisor of this research, Dr. Fahid Rabah for the valuable guidance and advice. he inspired me greatly to work in this research. His willingness to motivate me contributed tremendously to my research. I'm also indebted to Dr. Ahmed Mughari-Department of Environmental Engineering-for his kind cooperation in facilitating my access to the experimental field, and providing me the needed data. I wish to thank the Community services and continuing education deanship in IUG especially Eng. Nader Abd El-Nabi, for their strong financial support through creative's project. I am very grateful to all of them for funding and covering all the research's costs. I wish also to thank Municipality of Gaza, especially Eng. Kamal El-Kolak for their helpful and supportive cooperation. I would like to express my gratitude to my father, my mother, as they always remained very close, loving and supporting me. I wish to thank my wife for her unwavering support, patience and devotion since the beginning of my studies. Many thanks are extended to, my brothers and my friends as they always remained very close, loving and supporting me.